Fire-place grate



(No Model.)

J. J. JQHNSTON. Fireplace Grate.

Patented Feb 15, 1881 WITNESSES fr afm-@ UNITED STATES PATENT Ormea. l

JAMES J. JOHNSTON, OF COLMBIANA, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND A. O. ELLIS, OF ALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA.

Fl RE-PLACE GRATE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 237,750, dated February 15, 1881.

' Application mea April 12, 1880. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES J. JOHNSTON, of Columbiana, in the county of Columbiana and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Grates for Fire- Places and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference bein g had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference 1o marked thereon.

My invention relates to an improvement in grates for fire-places and it consistsof a grate with an upper and lower ring, the former greater in diam eter than the latter, and coupled to it through the medium of curved bars radiating from the center of the lower ring, and in which is pivoted a detachable grated bottom, one-half of said upper ring having an outward-projecting flange furnished with a 2o series of perforations which communicate with openings in the crown of an air-chamber in rear of the grate when in position in the lireplace, said grate, with its perforated flange and air-chamber, being so arranged with relation z 5 to semi-lozenge-shaped tile (when viewed in cross-section) that the Aproducts of combustion are so deflected that they are broughtin contact with a large number of jets of highlyheated air issuing from said air-chamber, andV 3o up through the apertures of said ange, land commingled with said products, whereby a complete combustion of them and the fuel is effected.

To enable others skilled in the art with which 3 5 my invention is most nearly connected to make and use it, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of my specitlcation, Figure l is a front 4o elevation of my improvement in grates for replaces. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same at line y of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the tire-place at line x of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a top view or plan of the lower part of my improvement in grates, and Fig. 5 represents a modication in form of the same.

In the accompanying drawings, Arepresents the grate, which consists of rings B and C, coupled together by bars f, for n" g r circular basket-grate. From the periphery of the ring 5o B projects outward a curved flange, D, through which are a large number of perfor-ations, k, and from the under side of said iiange projects downward a pin, e, which enters an opening in the crown of the air-chamber h. The curved ange D rests on the crown of the airchamber h, and the pin c is used for holding the grate in place in the tire-place D. The front wall,j, and crown of the air-chamber h are constructed of cast-iron, and should be cor- 6o rugated vertically for the purpose of securing a large surface for heating the air which enters the chamber h through a number of openings, c. The air-heating chamber h and its front walhj, should encircle about one-half of the grate A, as indicated by the curved flange D and the perforations k. (Shown in Fig. 3.)

ln the center of ring (l of the grate A, eX- tending from side to side of said ring, is a bar,

0, having an upward-projecting pintle, on which 7o the detachable bottom l is pivotcd, as shown in Fig. 3.

The detachable bottom lof the grate A is provided with a large number of radial projections, zo, projecting from the ring c of said bottom, which is placed within the ring C of the grate A, leaving a space between said rings, as indicated in Figs. 3, 4, and 5," and marked u. The projections w are used for agitators for freeing the lower part ofthe bars 8o f and the spaces between them from ashes and other refuse of combustion, and also serve foragitating the fuel of the tire in the grate A, and resting upon the detachable and pivoted bottom l.

From the ring fv of the bottom l projects an arm, m, which passes outward through an opening, p, in the ring O of the grate A, as shown in Figs. l and 2. This arm m is used for the purpose of imparting to the bottom la 9o horizontal reciprocating motion, whereby the grate is freed from ashes and the burning fuel in the grate, and, resting upon the bottom, is thoroughly agitated.

By having the bottom Zdetachable it can 95 be readily removed and a new bottom put in place in case of the bottom l becoming injured or its bars burning out, and said detachable bottom is of great advantage when cleaning out the gra-te A, when it is desirable to dispense with fire in warm weather.

It will be observed that one-half ofthe grate A projects beyond the front wall of the tireplace D', as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. Therefore it is desirable that the grate -front A' should project, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, which will prevent the light ashes and smoke from passing ont into the room, and said pro jectiou of the front A' will give a more ornamental inish to it and theV grate. This projecting feature of the front A and grate A adds greatly to the eciency ot' the grate in utilizing the lire for heating' the room in which the grate is placed.

In the lire-place D', above the grate A, is arranged tire-tile77 of semi-lozenge form, (when viewed in cross,) as shown at n in Figs. l and 9 By this arrangement ot' the tile n the volf unie of smoke and heat passing upward from the grate A is deiiecteth so that the heated air passing' from the chamber hI through openin gs g, and passing up between the grate A and the metal wallj, and passing through the openings k in the curved ilange D, will commingle with the said smoke and heat, thereby causing it to be consumed, and also causing' a complete consumption ot` the fuel in the grate A, making a clear clean tire, the heat of which is radiated or deflected outward into the room, while the unconsumed gases pass up and outthrough the flue G'.

Below the air-chamber It is a recess, s, into which the back end of the ash-pan enters, by which arrangement all the ashes from grate A is certain to fall within the walls of the pan n', the front end of which is guarded by the fender B', which is of ordinary construction. By constructing the grate A in the form hereinbefore described the entire side wall of the grate A is utilized for heating, the tire is easily agitated, the grate is freed from ashes with great facility, and a clean bright fire is secured.

Then desirable, the grate A may be made oval in form, as indicated in Fig. 5; but in such case the bottom l should have a horizontal reciprocating and lateral motion for the purpose of agitating and cleaning.

I am awa-re that a grate for lire-places having a perforated guard-plate, and also a perforated air-chamber arranged in rear ot` such grate, are old, and such I do not wish to be understood as claiming, broadly, as ot' my invcntion.

Having thus described my improvement, what I claim as ot' my invention is- A basket-grate for iire'places, said grate consisting of an upper ring having a perforated curved flange, D, formed therewith, and the lower ring, the former of greater diameter than the latter, and coupled to it through the medinm of bars, and furnished with a grate, in combination with air-chamber IL, having a front metal wall curved at its upper end, and haring the openings f/ and i and the detlecting-walls n, substantially as and for the purpose herein shown and described.

JAMES J. JOHNSTON.

VVituesses:

FRED G. Drn'rnnron, P. G. Dinrnnrcn. 

